ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) during the process of differentiation into granulocyte of NB4 cells induced by all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and whether PADI4 is involved in the inflammatory cytokines expression.@*METHODS@#Granulocyte differentiation model of NB4 cells induced by ATRA was established. The cell morphology changes were observed by Wright-Giemsa staining. The expression of cell differentiation marker CD11b was analyzed by flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expression of PADI4 was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α and interleukin (IL) 1β was analyzed by ELISA, and also examined with the knockdown of PADI4 expression by siRNA.@*RESULTS@#After NB4 cells induced by ATRA, the cytoplasm increased and the ratio of nuclear to cytoplasmic was reduced. Nuclear dented, and rod-shaped nucleus, lobulated phenomenon increased (P<0.05). Flow cytometry analysis results showed that the cell surface molecule CD11b expression increased (P<0.01). RT-PCR and Western blot showed the expression of PADI4 increased at both transcriptional and translational levels during the process of the differentiation. ELISA showed TNF-α and IL-1β secretion increased in differentiated macrophages, while they could be inhibited by PADI4-specific siRNA.@*CONCLUSION@#During the differentiation into granulocyte of NB4 cells induced by ATRA, PADI4 expression increased. Furthermore, PADI4 appeared to play a critical role in inflammatory cytokines secretion.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Differentiation , Cell Line, Tumor , Cytokines/metabolism , Granulocytes , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute , Protein-Arginine Deiminase Type 4/metabolism , Tretinoin/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Objective To explore health literacy and the related factors among enterprise employees in Minhang District of Shanghai,and to provide scientific basis for the development of health literacy promotion strategies for occupational population.Methods Through cluster random sampling,15 manufacturing enterprises of Minhang District were selected.The information of health-supportive environment in the workplace was collected through field observation.And the general demographic characteristics,occupational characteristics,health literacy and self-efficacy of the subjects were collected through the survey.Results Only about 28.36％ of the 1 421 employees surveyed possessed basic health literacy.Education level,marital status,working nature and payment pressure were the factors affecting the health literacy level of respondents.Compared with the employees who had at least a bachelor degree,the health literacy level of the employees who had a lower degree of bachelor was relatively low (P＜0.05).The health literacy level of employees in non-marital status was relatively lower than those who were married (OR =1.515,P =0.021).Compared with the managers,the health literacy levels of clericals,production operators and logistical service personnel were low (P ＜0.05).Employees who had the pressure to pay possessed a low level of health literacy (OR =1.641,P＜0.001).Conclusions The health literacy level of employees in this region was better than the average level of Chinese citizen,but it was still not optimistic.The health literacy level of enterprise employees was affected by many factors,and these factors were closely related.Improving the health supportive environment in the workplace may be an effective strategy for promoting health literacy among occupational populations.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore health literacy and the related factors among enterprise employees in Minhang District of Shanghai,and to provide scientific basis for the development of health literacy promotion strategies for occupational population.Methods Through cluster random sampling,15 manufacturing enterprises of Minhang District were selected.The information of health-supportive environment in the workplace was collected through field observation.And the general demographic characteristics,occupational characteristics,health literacy and self-efficacy of the subjects were collected through the survey.Results Only about 28.36％ of the 1 421 employees surveyed possessed basic health literacy.Education level,marital status,working nature and payment pressure were the factors affecting the health literacy level of respondents.Compared with the employees who had at least a bachelor degree,the health literacy level of the employees who had a lower degree of bachelor was relatively low (P＜0.05).The health literacy level of employees in non-marital status was relatively lower than those who were married (OR =1.515,P =0.021).Compared with the managers,the health literacy levels of clericals,production operators and logistical service personnel were low (P ＜0.05).Employees who had the pressure to pay possessed a low level of health literacy (OR =1.641,P＜0.001).Conclusions The health literacy level of employees in this region was better than the average level of Chinese citizen,but it was still not optimistic.The health literacy level of enterprise employees was affected by many factors,and these factors were closely related.Improving the health supportive environment in the workplace may be an effective strategy for promoting health literacy among occupational populations.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of EBV immediate-early protein Zta on cell cycle of Daudi cells and the involved mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression vector encoding Zta was constructed and electroporated into Daudi cells. Flow cytometric analysis was used to detect the cell cycle, Western blot to the protein levels of p21, Rb and E2F-1.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The vector was constructed successfully, the expression of Zta protein inhibited the proliferation of Daudi cells and promoted cell cycle from G(0)/G(1) phase \[(30.0 ± 3.4)%\] to S phase \[(47.7 ± 1.1)%\]. Meanwhile, Rb expression was significantly downregulated, E2F-1 and p21 expression upregulated by Zta.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Zta could promote G(0)/G(1) phase to S phase transition in Daudi cells, which might be associated with the reduced expression of Rb and increased expression of E2F-1 and p21 protein.</p>